Sports Medicine A Sports Medicine physician is an emergency medicine physician trained to be responsible for continuous care in the field of sports medicine, not only the enhancement of health and fitness but the prevention of injury and illness. A sports medicine physician must have knowledge and experience in the promotion of wellness and the prevention of injury. Knowledge about the special areas of medicine such as exercise physiology, biomechanics, nutrition, psychology, physical rehabilitation and epidemiology are essential to the practice of sports medicine. The sports medicine physician requires special education to provide the knowledge to improve the health care of the individual engaged in physical exercise (sports) whether as an individual or in team participation.